Xi’an, an ancient city in central China, is home to some of the most significant historical and cultural landmarks in Asia. As one of the cradles of Chinese civilization, Xi’an offers visitors an unparalleled journey into the past. Whether you are exploring the famed Terracotta Army, admiring the architecture of the Big Wild Goose Pagoda, or strolling along the ancient city walls, Xi’an is a treasure trove of history, art, and culture waiting to be explored. Here’s your ultimate guide to the best things to do in Xi’an.
1. Terracotta Army: A UNESCO World Heritage Wonder
One of the most iconic attractions in Xi’an is the Terracotta Army, often referred to as the “Eighth Wonder of the World.” This ancient archaeological site features over 8,000 life-sized clay soldiers, horses, and chariots, which were buried with Emperor Qin Shi Huang in 210 BCE to protect him in the afterlife.
Highlights of the Terracotta Army:
- Massive Military Formation: The soldiers are arranged in battle formations, and each figure is unique, showcasing incredible detail in facial expressions, hairstyles, and clothing.
- Remarkable Craftsmanship: The fine details, like the fish-scale patterns on the armor and the nail-size engravings on the figures, are testament to the advanced craftsmanship of the Qin Dynasty.
- Archaeological Insights: Some pits remain unexcavated, giving visitors a glimpse into the ongoing archaeological work.
Suggested Visit Route:
- Pit 1: This is the largest and most impressive pit. Spend about 1.5 hours here to soak in the full scale of the military formation.
- Pit 3: This small pit served as the command center and offers a more intimate look at the site (approx. 30 minutes).
- Pit 2: Famous for its perfectly preserved kneeling archers, spend about 1 hour here.
- Bronze Chariot and Horses Exhibition: Don’t miss the bronze chariot display, a real highlight of the museum.
- Lishan Garden: After visiting the Terracotta Army, take a short trip to Lishan Garden to enjoy some fresh air and explore the bronze statues and chariot collection.
2. Big Wild Goose Pagoda: A Spiritual and Historical Landmark
The Big Wild Goose Pagoda, built during the Tang Dynasty, is an architectural marvel and an important symbol of Xi’an’s Buddhist heritage. The pagoda was constructed by the famous monk Xuanzang to house the scriptures he brought back from India. Climbing to the top offers panoramic views of Xi’an, and the pagoda’s interior showcases invaluable Buddhist relics, including scriptures and statues.
3. Huaqing Palace: A Royal Escape with a Dark History
The Big Wild Goose Pagoda, built during the Tang Dynasty, is an architectural marvel and an important symbol of Xi’an’s Buddhist heritage. The pagoda was constructed by the famous monk Xuanzang to house the scriptures he brought back from India. Climbing to the top offers panoramic views of Xi’an, and the pagoda’s interior showcases invaluable Buddhist relics, including scriptures and statues.
Highlights:
- Hot Springs: Visit the well-preserved sites of Yang Guifei’s bath, including the “Sea Tang Pool,” once used by the emperor and his consort.
- Historical Events: The site is also significant for the Xi’an Incident, where Chiang Kai-shek was captured by the communists in 1936, marking a key moment in China’s modern history.
- Natural Beauty: The lush landscapes of Lishan Mountain and the scenic views of Jiulong Lake make this an idyllic spot to relax.
4. Chang Hen Ge (The Everlasting Regret): A Spectacular Historical Performance
“Chang Hen Ge” is not a museum exhibit but a breathtaking live performance held at Huaqing Palace. Based on Bai Juyi’s famous poem “The Everlasting Regret,” this large-scale historical dance drama re-enacts the tragic love story between Emperor Xuanzong and his concubine Yang Guifei. The performance uses modern lighting and stage effects to create a dreamlike atmosphere.
5. The Great Tang Dynasty Palace Site Park: A Glimpse into Imperial China
The Great Tang Dynasty Palace Site Park offers visitors a chance to experience the grandeur of ancient China. As the political center of the Tang Dynasty, the palace is reconstructed with modern technology, such as augmented reality and light shows, to bring the ancient structures back to life.
Things to Do at the Great Tang Dynasty Palace:
- Historical Value: Explore the ruins of the palace complex, which once outdid the Forbidden City in scale and luxury.
- Interactive Culture: Try on Tang Dynasty costumes, engage in simulated archaeological digs, or even view a “Tang Dynasty takeaway menu.”
6. Chang’an City Wall: A Walk Through Ancient Defense
The Xi’an City Wall, the largest and best-preserved ancient city wall in China, offers an immersive experience in history. Stretching 13.7 kilometers, the wall includes five defensive lines, such as the moat, watchtowers, and gates. Cycling along the wall is a great way to experience the fusion of ancient and modern Xi’an.
Things to Do at the City Wall:
- Ancient Defense: Walk or bike along the wall to experience its massive scale and impressive defensive features, such as watchtowers, moat systems, and ancient gates.
- Best Views: Rent a bike and cycle along the top of the wall (about 45 RMB for 3 hours). It’s a great way to view the city’s modern and ancient landscapes side by side.
- Night Views: The city wall lights up beautifully at night, offering a unique view of Xi’an.
7. Xi’an Drum Tower: A Cultural Landmark
The Xi’an Drum Tower, one of the best-preserved in China, is a historical symbol of the city. It was once used to signal the time during the Tang Dynasty. Inside, visitors can find a fascinating exhibition of ancient time-keeping instruments and experience live performances of traditional drum music.
8. The Great Tang All Day Mall: Experience the Glorious Tang Dynasty
The Great Tang All Day Mall is a lively pedestrian street that recreates the atmosphere of the Tang Dynasty. Featuring illuminated buildings, traditional performances, and an abundance of shopping and dining options, it’s a fantastic way to end your day in Xi’an.
Highlights:
- Tang Dynasty Atmosphere: At night, the mall is illuminated with bright lights, making the architecture look even more magnificent.
- Live Performances: Enjoy free shows, such as music fountains, folk performances, and traditional Chinese opera.
- Cultural Experiences: Don’t forget to try on some traditional Tang Dynasty costumes and take photos against the backdrop of the historical architecture.
9. Shaanxi History Museum: The Treasure House of Ancient China
If you’re a history lover, the Shaanxi History Museum is a must-see. Home to over 370,000 items, this museum covers everything from prehistoric times to the Tang Dynasty, showcasing China’s cultural and artistic evolution.
Notable Exhibits:
- Bronze and Ceramics: The museum’s collection of Tang Dynasty tomb artifacts is particularly impressive.
- Ancient Pottery: View the famous painted pottery from the Yangshao Culture and Bronze Age items.
- Interactive Displays: The museum uses modern technology to bring ancient history to life, with virtual exhibits and detailed reconstructions.
10. Yongxingfang: A Taste of Traditional Shaanxi Culture
Located in the heart of Xi’an, Yongxingfang is a cultural district where visitors can sample authentic Shaanxi cuisine. This lively market features local specialties like the famous “Xi’an noodles” and “Qinrou” (Qin-style meats). Visitors can also watch traditional performances, such as shadow puppetry and folk music.
Xi’an offers a blend of ancient history, stunning architecture, and vibrant culture that makes it one of the top destinations for Asia travel. Whether you’re admiring the Terracotta Warriors, soaking in the rich history at the Shaanxi History Museum, or exploring the stunning landscapes of Huaqing Palace, there’s no shortage of incredible things to do in Xi’an. Make sure to add this historical city to your China tours for an unforgettable journey into the heart of ancient China.